DHCP
一、网络规划（必看）
| 设备 | 接口 | IP 地址 / 配置 | 作用 |
|---|---|---|---|
| R1 | Vlanif10 | 192.168.1.1/24 | 销售部网关（DHCP 服务器） |
| R1 | Vlanif20 | 192.168.2.1/24 | 市场部网关（DHCP 服务器） |
| R1 | GE0/0/1 | 10.2.2.1/24 | 与 R2 互联 |
| R2 | GE0/0/0 | 10.2.2.2/24 | 与 R1 互联 |
| R2 | Ethernet0/0/1 | 172.16.5.1/24 | 研发部网关（DHCP 中继） |
| LSW1 | 接 PC1/2 | Access → Vlan10 | 销售部接入 |
| LSW1 | 接 PC3/4 | Access → Vlan20 | 市场部接入 |
| LSW1 | 接 R1 | Trunk → 允 Vlan10/20 | 上联路由 |
二、LSW1 接入交换机配置
shell
<Huawei> system-view
[Huawei] undo info-center enable
[Huawei] sysname LSW1
# 1. 创建VLAN
[LSW1] vlan batch 10 20
# 2. 配置销售部接口（PC1、PC2）
[LSW1] interface Ethernet 0/0/1
[LSW1-Ethernet0/0/1] port link-type access
[LSW1-Ethernet0/0/1] port default vlan 10
[LSW1-Ethernet0/0/1] quit
[LSW1] interface Ethernet 0/0/2
[LSW1-Ethernet0/0/2] port link-type access
[LSW1-Ethernet0/0/2] port default vlan 10
[LSW1-Ethernet0/0/2] quit
# 3. 配置市场部接口（PC3、PC4）
[LSW1] interface Ethernet 0/0/3
[LSW1-Ethernet0/0/3] port link-type access
[LSW1-Ethernet0/0/3] port default vlan 20
[LSW1-Ethernet0/0/3] quit
[LSW1] interface Ethernet 0/0/4
[LSW1-Ethernet0/0/4] port link-type access
[LSW1-Ethernet0/0/4] port default vlan 20
[LSW1-Ethernet0/0/4] quit
# 4. 配置连接R1的上联口（必须是Trunk）
[LSW1] interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/1
[LSW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1] port link-type trunk
[LSW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1] port trunk allow-pass vlan 10 20
[LSW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1] quit三、R1 路由器配置（DHCP 服务器核心）
shell
<Huawei> system-view
[Huawei] undo info-center enable
[Huawei] sysname R1
# 1. 全局开启DHCP
[R1] dhcp enable
# 2. 创建VLAN并配置三层网关
[R1] vlan batch 10 20
# 3. 配置连接交换机的Trunk口
[R1] interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0] portswitch
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0] port link-type trunk
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0] port trunk allow-pass vlan 10 20
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0] quit
# 4. 配置销售部Vlanif10（网关+DHCP）
[R1] interface Vlanif 10
[R1-Vlanif10] ip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0
[R1-Vlanif10] dhcp select global # 绑定全局地址池
[R1-Vlanif10] quit
# 5. 配置市场部Vlanif20（网关+DHCP）
[R1] interface Vlanif 20
[R1-Vlanif20] ip address 192.168.2.1 255.255.255.0
[R1-Vlanif20] dhcp select global
[R1-Vlanif20] quit
# 6. 配置与R2互联接口
[R1] interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/1
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1] ip address 10.2.2.1 255.255.255.0
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1] dhcp select global
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1] quit
# 7. 配置DHCP全局地址池
# 销售部地址池
[R1] ip pool Pool-Sales
[R1-ip-pool-Pool-Sales] network 192.168.1.0 mask 255.255.255.0
[R1-ip-pool-Pool-Sales] gateway-list 192.168.1.1
[R1-ip-pool-Pool-Sales] dns-list 8.8.8.8 114.114.114.114
[R1-ip-pool-Pool-Sales] excluded-ip-address 192.168.1.2 192.168.1.10
[R1-ip-pool-Pool-Sales] excluded-ip-address 192.168.1.201 192.168.1.254
[R1-ip-pool-Pool-Sales] quit
# 市场部地址池
[R1] ip pool Pool-Market
[R1-ip-pool-Pool-Market] network 192.168.2.0 mask 255.255.255.0
[R1-ip-pool-Pool-Market] gateway-list 192.168.2.1
[R1-ip-pool-Pool-Market] dns-list 8.8.8.8 114.114.114.114
[R1-ip-pool-Pool-Market] quit
# 研发部地址池（R2中继使用）
[R1] ip pool Pool-RD
[R1-ip-pool-Pool-RD] network 172.16.5.0 mask 255.255.255.0
[R1-ip-pool-Pool-RD] gateway-list 172.16.5.1
[R1-ip-pool-Pool-RD] dns-list 8.8.8.8 114.114.114.114
[R1-ip-pool-Pool-RD] quit
# 8. 配置静态路由（指向R2）
[R1] ip route-static 172.16.5.0 255.255.255.0 10.2.2.2四、R2 路由器配置（DHCP 中继）
shell
<Huawei> system-view
[Huawei] undo info-center enable
[Huawei] sysname R2
# 1. 全局开启DHCP（中继必须开启）
[R2] dhcp enable
# 2. 配置与R1互联接口
[R2] interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0] ip address 10.2.2.2 255.255.255.0
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0] quit
# 3. 配置研发部接口（网关+中继）
[R2] interface Ethernet 0/0/1
[R2-Ethernet 0/0/1] ip address 172.16.5.1 255.255.255.0
[R2-Ethernet 0/0/1] dhcp select relay # 开启中继模式
[R2-Ethernet 0/0/1] dhcp relay server-ip 10.2.2.1 # 指定DHCP服务器IP（R1）
[R2-Ethernet 0/0/1] quit
# 4. 配置静态路由（指向R1的业务网段）
[R2] ip route-static 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 10.2.2.1
[R2] ip route-static 192.168.2.0 255.255.255.0 10.2.2.1五、PC 终端配置（自动获取）
所有 PC 均设置为 DHCP 自动获取：
打开 PC → 网络设置 → IPv4 → 选择 “自动获取 IP 地址” 和 “自动获取 DNS 服务器地址”。
执行命令行：
shellipconfig /release ipconfig /renew